Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease Increase Ischemic Stroke Risk
A 2025 study published in Neurology® revealed that individuals with both gum disease and dental cavities have substantially higher long-term risks of stroke and major cardiovascular events compared to those with healthy oral conditions.
Study Overview
The prospective Dental Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (DARIC) study identified that periodontal disease (PD) and dental caries independently contribute to an increased risk of ischemic stroke and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in U.S. cohorts.
The study reported a strong link between poor oral health and elevated risks, especially for thrombotic and cardioembolic stroke subtypes during a median 21-year follow-up.
Researchers analyzed data from participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study who underwent dental evaluations between 1996 and 1998.
Participant Details
- Total participants: 5,986
- Average age: 63 years (±5.6)
- Female participants: 52%
- Oral health categories:
- Good oral health: 1,640
- Periodontal disease only: 3,151
- Periodontal disease with caries: 1,195
Methodology and Findings
Participants were monitored for about 20 years using phone interviews and medical records to identify stroke events. The incidence of ischemic stroke and MACEs was recorded through 2019. Hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for demographics and vascular risk factors were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models.
> "Co-occurring periodontal disease and dental caries were both independently linked to an increased risk of ischemic stroke and major cardiovascular events."
The findings underscore the importance of maintaining oral health to reduce the risk of serious cardiovascular conditions such as stroke.
Author's Summary
Maintaining good oral health is crucial, as combined gum disease and dental cavities significantly elevate the long-term risk of ischemic stroke and major cardiovascular events.